Passage 11: The Benefits of Regular Physical Exercise
1.Regular physical exercise is essential for maintaining good health. Engaging in activities such as walking, running, swimming, or cycling can improve cardiovascular health, strengthen muscles, and boost overall endurance. Exercise also plays a crucial role in managing weight, reducing the risk of chronic diseases like diabetes and hypertension. Moreover, it helps in maintaining healthy bones and joints, reducing the likelihood of injuries and age-related issues.
2.Apart from physical benefits, exercise is known to have positive effects on mental well-being. It helps reduce stress, anxiety, and depression by releasing endorphins, often called “feel-good” hormones. Regular physical activity also improves sleep quality and enhances cognitive function, making it easier to concentrate and perform daily tasks.
3.Despite these advantages, many people struggle to maintain a consistent exercise routine due to time constraints, lack of motivation, or insufficient knowledge about fitness. However, incorporating even small amounts of physical activity into daily life, such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator or going for a brisk walk during breaks, can lead to significant health benefits. In conclusion, regular exercise is vital for both physical and mental health, and making it a priority can lead to a healthier and more fulfilling life.
Comprehension Questions
- What is one mental benefit of regular exercise mentioned in the passage?
a) Increased anxiety
b) Improved cognitive function
c) Reduced bone strength
d) Weight gain
2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a type of physical activity?
a) Running
b) Cycling
c) Weightlifting
d) Swimming
3.True/False
The passage suggests that regular exercise can reduce the risk of chronic diseases.
a) True
b) False
4. Regular exercise has no effect on sleep quality.
a) True
b) False
5. Fill in the Blank: Exercise helps in releasing ______, which are known as “feel-good” hormones.
6. Fill in the Blank
Incorporating small amounts of physical activity into daily life can lead to ______ health benefits.
7. Choose the synonym for “crucial” as used in the passage.
a) Unnecessary
b) Vital
c) Trivial
d) Optional
8. What is a synonym for “endurance” in the context of physical health?
a) Weakness
b) Stamina
c) Fatigue
d) Exhaustion
9. The opposite of “reduce” in the passage is:
a) Increase
b) Lower
c) Limit
d) Lessen
10. Select the antonym of “consistent” from the options below.
a) Stable
b) Irregular
c) Continuous
d) Regular
11. True/False:
The passage implies that taking the stairs instead of the elevator can be beneficial for health.
a) True
b) False
12. What is one reason people struggle to maintain an exercise routine according to the passage?
a) Lack of equipment
b) Time constraints
c) Excess motivation
d) High energy levels
Passage 12: Disability in Psychology
1.Disability in psychology refers to a physical or mental condition that limits a person’s movements, senses, or activities. Psychological disabilities can include conditions such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, and learning disabilities like dyslexia. These conditions can affect how individuals think, feel, and behave, often requiring specialized support or interventions to manage their daily lives.
2.The field of psychology has evolved in its approach to disability, shifting from a medical model that views disability as a defect to be fixed, to a social model that emphasizes the role of societal barriers in disabling individuals. According to the social model, disability is not just a result of impairments but also of the environment that fails to accommodate those impairments. For example, a person with a physical disability may face challenges not because of their condition, but because of inaccessible buildings or lack of supportive infrastructure.
3.Psychologists play a crucial role in assessing, diagnosing, and treating individuals with disabilities. They work to develop interventions that help people improve their quality of life, whether through therapy, skills training, or advocacy for more inclusive environments. Understanding disability from a psychological perspective is essential for promoting mental health and ensuring that all individuals have the opportunity to lead fulfilling lives.
Comprehension Questions
- Which of the following is an example of a psychological disability mentioned in the passage?
a) Autism Spectrum Disorder
b) Hypertension
c) Diabetes
d) Asthma - What does the social model of disability emphasize?
a) The need to fix impairments
b) The role of societal barriers
c) The superiority of the medical model
d) The irrelevance of disabilities - True/False:
The medical model views disability as a defect to be fixed.
a) True
b) False - Psychological disabilities do not affect how individuals think, feel, or behave.
a) True
b) False - Fill in the Blank:
Disabilities in psychology can include conditions such as anxiety disorders and ______. - According to the passage, psychologists work to develop ______ that help people improve their quality of life.
7. What is a synonym for “crucial” in the context of the passage?
a) Unimportant
b) Essential
c) Optional
d) Minor
8.The opposite of “supportive” in the passage is:
a) Helpful
b) Harmful
c) Encouraging
d) Cooperative
9.Select the antonym of “evolved” from the options below.
a) Stagnated
b) Developed
c) Progressed
d) Advanced
10.Multiple Answers:
Which of the following are considered psychological disabilities? (Select all that apply.)
a) Schizophrenia
b) Dyslexia
c) Hypertension
d) Autism Spectrum Disorder
11.The passage argues that disability is only a result of physical impairments.
a) True
b) False