For CBSE and UP board English Grammar and Literature
Passive voice means that a subject is a recipient of a verb’s action. You may have learned that the passive voice is weak and incorrect, but it isn’t that simple. When used correctly and in moderation, the passive voice is fine.In English grammar, verbs have five properties: voice, mood, tense, person, and number; here, we are concerned with voice. The two grammatical voices are active and passive.
Affirmative Sentence
Object+Had+Been+Verb{3rd form of the verb}+By+Subject.
Examples-
- She had washed her clothes.[Active voice.]
- Her clothes had been washed by her.[Passive voice.]
While transferring a sentence into passive voice from active voice –
- We exchange Subject and Object from each other .
- We use had+Been as a helping verb in the past perfect tense and third form of verb.
- We use preposition By before Subject.[Subject of Active Voice.]
Negative Sentence
Object+Had+Not+Been+Verb{3rd form of the verb}+By+Subject
- She had not washed her clothes.[Active voice.]
- Her clothes. had not been washed by her.[passive voice.]
Interrogative Sentence
Had+Object+Not+Been+Verb{3rd form of the verb}+By+Subject
- Had she washed her clothes?[Active voice.]
- Had her clothes been washed by her?[passive voice.]
Main Interrogative Sentence.
Question Word+Had+Object+Not+Been+Verb{3rd form of the verb}+By+Subject.
- Why had she not washed her clothes?[Active voice.]
- Why had her clothes not been washed by her?[passive voice.]
- If there is Who as a question word then-
By+Whom+Had+Object+Not+Been+Verb{3rd form of the verb}
- Who had caught the thief?[Active voice.]
- By whom had the thief been caught?[passive voice.]
Transform the following sentences into Passive Voice
- Mohan had finished his work timely.
- They had brought all the necessary things for this work.
- Students had completed their homework.
- My brother had gifted me a nice pen.
- Some people had bought many books from the book fair.
- No one had seen the new boss.
- Children had not won the cricket match.
- My teacher had not explained the poem.
- Your friends had not called you.
- I had not known any of them.
- Had the teacher beaten you?
- Had your father brought a toy for your younger brother from Delhi?
- Had he sent his son to America?
- Had they not seen elephants before they went to the zoo?
- Who had not prevented him from doing so?
- Why had the principal called all the children in the ground?
- Who had surprised her?
- Why had the king not killed the dangerous elephant?
- How many guests had not eaten chicken?
- Which boy had won the first prize?
We can transform a sentence from passive voice to active voice by just applying the below rules-
- We exchange Subjects and Objects from each other.
- If there is Had + Been as a helping verb we use the verb according to the Past Perfect Tense.
- We remove the preposition By before Subject.
Examples-
Affirmative Sentence
- The swan had been killed by Devdatta.[Passive Voice]
- Devdatta had killed the swan.[Active Voice]
Negative Sentence
- The swan had not been killed by Siddhartha.[Passive Voice]
- Siddhartha had not killed the swan.[Active Voice]
Interrogative Sentence
- Had the swan not been killed by Devdatta?[Passive Voice]
- Had Devdatta not killed the swan?[Active Voice]
Main Interrogative-
- Why had the swan been killed by Devdatta?[Passive Voice]
- Why had Devdatta killed the swan?[Active Voice]
Transform the following sentences into Active Voice.
- The girl had been rewarded by the chief guest in the college.
- They had been invited to the dinner by the chairman of the college.
- The children had been told an interesting story by the grandmother.
- Coffee had been prepared by my mother.
- The officer had been arrested by the police as the truth of scams revealed.
- My father had not been astonished at this work.
- The students had not been taught physics by Mr.Gupta.
- Some secrets had not been revealed by her.
- My younger brother had not been given a mobile by us before graduation.
- The ticket had not been bought by all the passengers.
- Had the bird not been killed by the hunter?
- Had the boy not been helped by his friends?
- Had she been told how to cook food by her mother?
- Had Lencho not been helped by the postmaster?
- Had he not been taught grammar by you?
- When had you been insulted by these boys?
- Why had the book not been published by them?
- By whom had the false news been told?
- Which students had not been known by the principal?
- How had the hard question been solved by him?