Present Perfect Tense Passive Voice and Active Voice

CBSE Board, UP Board English Literature and Grammar|Composition and Communication

Passive voice means that a subject is a recipient of a verb’s action. You may have learned that the passive voice is weak and incorrect, but it isn’t that simple. When used correctly and in moderation, the passive voice is fine.

In English grammar, verbs have five properties: voice, mood, tense, person, and number; here, we are concerned with voice. The two grammatical voices are active and passive.

Some basic rules to transform a sentence from Active Voice into Passive Voice

Affirmative Sentence

Object+Has/Have+Been+Verb{3rd form of the verb}+By+Subject.

Examples-

1. They have played a hockey match.[Active voice.]

• A hockey match has been played by them.[Passive voice.]

While transferring a sentence into passive voice from active voice –

• We exchange Subject and Object from each other .
• We use Has/Have+Been as a helping verb in the present perfect tense and third form of verb.
• We use preposition By before Subject.

Negative Sentence

Object+Has/Have+Not+Been+Verb{3rd form of the verb}+By+Subject

1. They have not played a hockey match.[Active voice.]

• A hockey match has not been played by them.[passive voice.]

Interrogative Sentence

Has/Have+Object+Not+Been+Verb{3rd form of the verb}+By+Subject

1. Have they played a hockey match?[Active voice.]

• Has a hockey match been played by them?[passive voice.]

Main Interrogative Sentence

Question Word+Has/Have+Been+Object+Not+Been+Verb{3rd form of the verb}+By+Subject.

1. Why have they not played a hockey match?[Active voice.]

• Why has a hockey match not been played by them?[passive voice.]

• If there is Who as a question word then-

By+Whom+Has/Have+Object+Not+Been+Verb{3rd form of the verb}

1. Who has caught the thief?

• By whom has the thief been caught?

Transform the following sentences into Passive Voice.

1. They have elected him monitor.
2. I have finished my work.
3. He has written a letter to his brother.
4. He has sung the song.
5. They have surprised me .
6. Mohan has not played cricket.
7. Your brother has not plucked the apples.
8. Someone has stolen her costly watch.
9. No one has seen the wind.
10. My students have not disappointed me.
11. Has the police caught the thieves?
12. Have they collected the tax?
13. Has the government not helped the poor people?
14. Have the villagers never seen a helicopter?
15. Have I pleased him very much ?
16. Why have you not called your parents here?
17. When have they played a cricket match in this state?
18. How has Mr.Raye managed all these ?
19. How many flowers has the gardener given to you?
20. When has he broken the glass?

From passive voice to active voice.

We can transform a sentence from passive voice to active voice by just applying the below rules-

• We exchange Subject and Object from each other .
• If there is Has/Have + Been as a helping verb we use the verb according to the Present Perfect Tense.
• We remove the preposition By before Subject.

Examples-

Affirmative-

1. The deer has been killed by the lion.[Passive Voice]

• The lion has killed the deer.[Active Voice]

Negative-

1. The deer has not been killed by the lion.[Passive Voice]

• The lion has not killed the deer.[Active Voice]

Interrogative-

1. Has the deer not been killed by the lion?[Passive Voice]

• Has the lion not killed the deer?[Active Voice]

Main Interrogative-

1. Where has the deer been killed by the lion?[Passive Voice]

• Where has the lion killed the deer?[Active Voice]

Transform the following sentences into Active Voice.

1. A letter has been sent to him by me.
2. His watch has been broken by me.
3. A snake has been killed by Mohan.
4. A song has been sung by her at the party.
5. I have been displeased by the boys.
6. No one has been forgiven by the teacher.
7. All the students have not been told to stand up by the principal.
8. The bell has not been rung by the peon.
9. The lion has not been hunted by the brave king.
10. He has been fined for coming late by the teacher.
11. Has the patient not been checked by the doctor?
12. Have you not been helped by your own friends?
13. Have they not been invited to the party by my father?
14. Has the chair not been made?
15. Has the plane not been hijacked by the terrorists?
16. Why has she been rewarded by the chief guest?
17. Where has that movie been shooted by them?
18. How has the bird been caught by the children?
19. How many children have been selected for scholarship by the government?
20. By whom has this painting been painted?

Content Writer– Mohammad Anas.….. Edited by– Shadab Akhtar.